Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are a group of developmental disabilities that are caused by unusual brain development.   People with ASDs tend to have problems with social and communication skills, unusual ways of learning, difficulty paying attention, and extreme sensory issues.  Impairment of functioning can range from mild to severe, referred to as “The Spectrum.”  No two people with a ASD will display the same set of symptoms.  Children with ASD develop differently than their typical peers with different rates of growth in different areas.

ASD disorders are diagnosed according to the criteria set forth from the Diagnostic & Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR).  ASD symptoms are divided into groups that look at qualitative impairments in social interaction and communication as well as restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior.  A diagnosis of ASD requires a comprehensive evaluation and should only be made by a qualified health care provider who has extensive experience diagnosing children with autism.

A common misconception is that there is a medical test that can confirm a diagnosis in a child.  Unfortunately, there is no such diagnostic tool.  The best thing a parent can do if they suspect their child may have an ASD is seek testing and treatment immediately.  Although, health care providers still struggle to make early diagnosis, there is overwhelming evidence that an early diagnosis is associated with dramatically better outcomes for individuals with autism.

As a parent if you suspect your child may have Autism you must take a proactive approach to learning about the condition and seeking treatment from professionals.  Currently, there is no cure for autism, but there are extremely effective therapies that are helping kids make momentous strides.   With intensive team focused interventions, a significant number of those children are now indistinguishable from their peers.

Date: May 29th, 2006
Content Source:  American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association (2000)